Acupressure: Surprising Benefits for Pain Relief and Beyond
Acupressure: Surprising Benefits for Pain Relief and Beyond
Acupressure, a healing technique that originated in ancient China, has gained popularity in recent years as a natural way to relieve pain and promote relaxation. The practice involves applying pressure to specific points on the body, which are believed to stimulate the body's natural healing abilities. Despite its long history, many people are still unaware of the benefits of acupressure and the science behind it. In this article, we will explore the history of acupressure and how it works to promote overall wellness.
How Acupressure Works
Acupressure is a traditional Chinese therapy that has been used for thousands of years to treat various physical and emotional ailments. At its core, Acupressure is based on the concept of energy flow in the body, known as Qi, which travels through channels known as meridians. According to traditional Chinese medicine, when the flow of Qi is disrupted, it leads to physical and emotional imbalances.
Acupressure works by applying pressure to specific points along these meridians to stimulate the flow of Qi and restore balance to the body. This can be done with the fingers, hands, elbows, or even small devices that apply pressure to these points. By applying pressure to these points, Acupressure can help alleviate pain, reduce stress and anxiety, improve digestion, and boost overall health.
Recent research has shown that Acupressure can be an effective treatment for a wide range of conditions, including chronic pain, headaches, and anxiety. One study found that Acupressure was effective in reducing menstrual pain, while another study showed that it can help reduce symptoms of anxiety in cancer patients. Other studies have shown that Acupressure can improve sleep quality and reduce symptoms of depression.
Overall, Acupressure is a safe and effective therapy that can be used in conjunction with other treatments to improve overall health and well-being. Whether you're dealing with chronic pain, stress, or other physical or emotional issues, Acupressure can help restore balance to your body and promote healing.
Benefits of Acupressure
Acupressure is an alternative therapy that involves applying pressure to specific points on the body to improve overall health and wellbeing. This technique has been used for centuries to treat various ailments and has gained popularity in recent years due to its effectiveness and safety. In this section, we will discuss the benefits of acupressure in detail.
Pain relief is one of the most significant benefits of acupressure. This therapy can provide relief from chronic pain, headaches, menstrual cramps, and other conditions. A study published in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management found that acupressure was effective in reducing pain and improving quality of life in cancer patients.
Stress reduction is another significant benefit of acupressure. Acupressure can help reduce stress and anxiety by promoting relaxation and reducing muscle tension. A study published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that acupressure was effective in reducing anxiety in patients undergoing dental procedures.
Improved sleep is another benefit of acupressure. Acupressure can help regulate the sleep cycle and promote deep, restful sleep. A study published in the Journal of Sleep Research found that acupressure was effective in improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia.
Boosted immune system is another benefit of acupressure. Acupressure can help stimulate the immune system, which can help fight off infections and illnesses. A study published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that acupressure was effective in boosting the immune system in healthy individuals.
Improved digestion is another benefit of acupressure. Acupressure can help regulate the digestive system and alleviate symptoms of digestive disorders such as bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. A study published in the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that acupressure was effective in reducing symptoms of functional dyspepsia.
Improved mental health is another benefit of acupressure. Acupressure can help alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. A study published in the Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies found that acupressure was effective in reducing symptoms of depression in patients with chronic illness.
In conclusion, acupressure is a safe and effective therapy that can provide numerous benefits for overall health and wellbeing. From pain relief to improved mental health, acupressure can help alleviate a wide range of conditions. If you are considering acupressure, be sure to consult with a qualified practitioner to determine if it is right for you.
Shocking facts about acupressure
Acupressure has been used to induce labor in pregnant women similarly to acupuncture. This method is becoming increasingly popular among pregnant women who prefer natural childbirth methods. The technique involves applying pressure to certain points on the body to help stimulate contractions and facilitate labor. This method is thought to be particularly effective in women who are close to their due date but have not gone into labor yet.
Another interesting use of acupressure is in the treatment of addiction. This therapy has been used to help people overcome addictions to drugs, alcohol, and even tobacco. Acupressure therapy involves applying pressure to specific points on the body that are believed to help reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Research has shown that this technique can be particularly effective in treating nicotine addiction. One study found that acupressure was more effective in helping people quit smoking than nicotine patches or gum.
Precautions and side effect of acupressureAcupressure is generally considered safe, but like any form of therapy, there are certain precautions that should be taken to ensure a positive experience. It is important to note that acupressure should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment, and people with serious medical conditions should always consult with their healthcare provider before trying acupressure or any other form of alternative therapy.
One possible side effect of acupressure is temporary discomfort or pain at the pressure point. This discomfort is usually mild and typically goes away after a few minutes. In rare cases, acupressure may cause bruising or swelling at the pressure point. If you experience persistent pain or discomfort, or if you develop any unusual symptoms after an acupressure session, you should seek medical attention immediately.
Pregnant women should exercise caution when using acupressure, particularly during the first trimester. Some pressure points are known to stimulate contractions, and using these points during pregnancy could potentially cause premature labor or other complications. Pregnant women should also avoid pressure points that are located near the uterus, such as those on the inner ankle or lower leg.
People with certain medical conditions should also exercise caution when using acupressure. For example, individuals with bleeding disorders or those taking blood thinners should avoid pressure points that could cause excessive bleeding, such as those on the abdomen or near the spine.
How to Practice Acupressure at Home
Acupressure is a simple and effective way to relieve stress, reduce pain, and improve overall health. By applying pressure to specific points on the body, acupressure stimulates the body's natural healing processes and promotes a sense of relaxation and well-being. Here's a step-by-step guide for practicing acupressure at home.
Locating Acupressure Points
Acupressure points are located all over the body, and each point corresponds to a specific organ or system in the body. To locate an acupressure point, first find the general area by using the diagram or description of the point. Once you have identified the general location, apply firm pressure with your fingertips or a specialized acupressure tool to the point.
Step-by-Step Guide for Practicing Acupressure at Home
Find a quiet, comfortable place to practice acupressure. Sit or lie down in a relaxed position.
Take a few deep breaths to help calm your mind and relax your body.
Choose an acupressure point to work on. Use a diagram or description of the point to help you locate it.
Apply firm pressure to the point using your fingertips or a specialized acupressure tool. Hold the pressure for 30 to 60 seconds.
Release the pressure and take a few deep breaths.
Repeat the process on other acupressure points as desired.
Tips for Best Results
Start slowly and gently. Applying too much pressure too quickly can cause discomfort or even injury.
Pay attention to your body. If a particular point is too sensitive or painful, skip it and try a different point.
Experiment with different points and combinations of points to find what works best for you.
Practice regularly. Acupressure is most effective when done on a regular basis, so make it a part of your daily routine.
Consult with a qualified acupressure practitioner or healthcare professional if you have any concerns about your health or safety.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Acupressure is a traditional healing technique that has been used for centuries to relieve various physical and mental conditions. It involves applying pressure to specific points on the body, known as acupoints, to stimulate the body's natural healing processes.
Throughout this article, we have explored the numerous benefits of Acupressure, including pain relief, stress reduction, improved sleep, boosted immune system, improved digestion, and improved mental health. Moreover, Acupressure can be used as an adjunctive modality to induce labor in pregnant women, and in the treatment of addiction.
While Acupressure is generally safe and effective, there are certain precautions and potential side effects to be aware of, especially for pregnant women and individuals with certain medical conditions.
To practice Acupressure at home, it is important to learn how to locate the acupoints and follow a step-by-step guide. Additionally, tips for best results include using the right amount of pressure, breathing deeply and slowly, and focusing on the sensations in the body.
Acupressure offers a safe, natural, and effective alternative to traditional medical treatments for a wide range of physical and mental conditions. It can be practiced at home and may offer relief for those looking to manage their symptoms without the use of medication or invasive procedures. We encourage everyone to try Acupressure and experience its benefits for themselves.
More resources for Acupressure and Complementary Medicine
Mayo Clinic: Alternative, Complementary & Integrative Therapies: Acupuncture/Acupressure
Myofascial Trigger Points: Hidden Culprit Behind Back Pain
Myofascial Trigger Points: Hidden Culprit Behind Back Pain
Back pain is a prevalent disorder, and more frequently than not, we tend to blame a pinched nerve, herniated disc or arthritis as the cause of the pain. Clinically, however, the majority of back pain is a result of muscle dysfunction and imbalance. A large proportion of back pain is, therefore, the result of the presence of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). When MTrPs are the cause of muscle pain, we refer to this type of pain as myofascial pain syndrome. In rare cases, the pain may be a result of the problem in the spine itself. However, even in this scenario, the presence of myofascial trigger points in the surrounding musculature is seen as one of the significant contributors to worsening back pain.
Clinical experience and research suggest that the presence of trigger points leads to muscle shortening. When muscles shorten, they become less flexible and less responsive to daily demands during physical activities. The affected individual becomes stiffer, and tension begins to build up in the muscles of the back. The pressure will eventually transfer to the discs in the spine. Maintaining muscle tension over the spinal discs may ultimately result in the rupturing of the disc or disc herniation. The presence of trigger points in the shortened muscles can, therefore, be the very root cause of the spinal problems. Additionally, muscles that become short and tight can displace vertebrae and cause compression of nerves.
Buttock and hip painIndividuals experiencing pain in the buttock and hip muscles are usually concerned only with the muscles in the buttock and the hip joint itself. Knowing that the referral pattern of the trigger points in the back muscles includes the buttock and the hips may help to identify the real source of the pain in the buttock or the hip joint.
Many patients present to the clinic with lower back pain pointing to the base of their spine. Pain in the sacrum or tail bone is another joint presentation of back pain. While the pain can originate in the tail bone, frequently, the source may originate from muscles located much higher. Quadratus Lumborum, superficial spinal muscles as well as the gluteal muscles are frequent harbingers of trigger points which tend to refer pain to the area of the sacrum. The trigger points in these muscles can be very tender to palpation. If the pressure over these trigger points further aggravates the pain in the sacrum, it is yet another reason for considering them as the main culprit. Massaging these trigger points can, therefore, bring significant pain relief in the sacral area. When massaging trigger points in these muscles do not completely resolve the pain or the pain tends to reoccur, chiropractic adjustment of the sacrum may be needed. In this case, massaging the trigger points in the Quadratus Lumborum, Superficial Spinal Muscles and the Gluteal Muscles before the chiropractic adjustment will make the chiropractic adjustment more effective.
The basic approach to self-acupressureSelf-acupressure targeting trigger points is a non-invasive, free of side effects, and straightforward treatment method. It can be adopted and used by every person suffering from back pain. Self-acupressure can be applied to affected muscles several times a day at home or in the workplace. Carrying a lacrosse ball, tennis ball or baseball ball along with you can, therefore, allow for short and frequent treatments throughout the day to ease the pain and promote faster recovery. Targeting the most painful trigger points several times a day with short self-treatment sessions is the most effective way to treat trigger points. Successful management of back pain should, therefore, include the regular application of self-acupressure.
You can find more information about acupressure , other treatment modalities and learn the complete home treatment protocol for the management of myofascial pain in the section Treatment Options.
To learn more about complementary therapies. Visit National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
The information provided on these pages is not intended to treat or diagnose any condition and should be viewed solely for education purposes. By no means is this information replacing evaluation by a qualified health care provider. For full Terms and Conditions, as well the use of cookies by this website, please see the sections “Terms and Conditions” and “Privacy.”
Gluteus Medius and back pain: The Muscle that may cause your back pain
Buttock Muscles
Gluteus Medius
Location The gluteus medius muscle is one of the three gluteal muscles in the buttock. The other two gluteal muscles are gluteus minimus and gluteus maximus. Gluteus medius is located more in the outer part of the buttock and for the most part, it is covered by much larger Gluteus maximus. Gluteus medius is not covered by gluteus maximus at the upper outer portion of the buttock. This is the area where injections are usually administered.
FunctionGluteus medius is not a very big muscle, but it is a thick and strong muscle that plays an important function in allowing us to walk upright. With each step, the gluteus medius muscle on the supporting leg has to contract, to keep the opposite side of the pelvis from dropping down when we lift the opposite leg to make the next step. That translates to generating a force twice the bodyweight every time we take a step. It is not hard to imagine that this muscle tends to get severely overworked when we carry additional weight for prolonged periods of time. This is one of the reasons why many people present with worsening of their back pain after hiking with a heavy backpack or when ruck marching with full gear without proper train up. While it is not intuitive to associate buttock muscles with back pain, this muscle is one of the most important players in the low back pain.
Gluteus Medius and back pain
When gluteal muscles get severely overworked, they become tight and develop trigger points. At this point many people begin to waddle to transfer their body weight fully over the supporting leg when taking a step. This is simply a protective and compensatory mechanism since the gluteus muscles cannot fulfill their function of contracting and relaxing when walking. The reason why we may feel back pain when gluteus medius is affected, is because the trigger points in the gluteus medius refer pain into the lower back. (please see the images). Certainly, gluteus medius is not the only muscle responsible for back pain. More frequently than not, another muscle called Quadratus Lumborum is affected along with gluteus medius. These two muscles work in tandem and the referral pattern from their respective trigger points overlap. Therefore it is important to always check for presence of trigger points in both of these muscles. Quadratus Lumborum will be discussed in a separate section, but you may remember that one of the hallmarks of involved Quadratus Lumborum is pain when turning in the bed, when coughing or sneezing.
Most characteristic pain caused by trigger points in Gluteus MediusThe pain referred from trigger points in the gluteus medius is mostly felt right above the beltline, but strong sensation can be also felt in the sacral area (please see images). In many cases, pain in the outer part of the hip, known as trochanteric bursitis, has a strong component of involved gluteal muscles, and gluteus medius being one of the main muscles involved.
Location of trigger points & Acupressure tips
To locate the trigger points in the gluteus medius, please refer to the detailed description below. In general, however, they can be found along the iliac cress which is the top part of the pelvic bone. The best way to deactivate the trigger points in the gluteus medius is by leaning against the wall and using a baseball or a tennis ball. Alternately, you can place the ball on the floor and lay down on top of the ball to create more pressure. Using a foam roller is not the best method to address these trigger points, because the foam roller cannot deliver the specific pinpoint pressure through the layers of the fat tissue in the buttock muscles.
Summary
SymptomsPain in the lower back just above and below the beltline
Pain often extends into the buttock and hip
Pan in the hips can make it hard to find a comfortable sleeping position
Pain in both the hips & lower back can make walking almost impossible
Location of trigger points
Find the bony prominence above your groin (ASIS)
The first trigger point is about 2” behind ASIS
Locate the 2nd trigger point about 1 hand breath behind the 1st one
Find the 3rd trigger point next to the sacrum
Pain radiation
To the sacrum
The outer part of the hip
Buttock and lower back above the sacrum
Occasionally along the IT band & back of the thigh
Causes for development of trigger pointsObesity or pregnancy
Carrying heavy weight while walking
Weight lifting
Sitting on a wallet in the back pocket
Habitual weight bearing on one side
Carrying a child on the same hip
Trigger points self-acupressureLocate the 1st trigger point
Place the ball between the wall & the buttock
Move the ball horizontally over the tender spot
Find a new tender spot behind the 1st spot
Repeat rolling over the tender area
Find the 3rd spot next to the sacrum & repeat
General recommendationsMove ball over the tender area 15-20 times
Find a new spot & repeat the process
Apply this massage at least 2-3 x a day
Several short daily sessions are preferable
Do not apply very strong pressure
Follow up after trigger point massage The benefits of acupressure can be greatly enhanced with a few additional techniques applied after completion of acupressure. One of the most important modalities in the treatment of myofascial pain is heat. Application of moist heat to the area of trigger point after trigger point massage will dilate local blood vessels and improve blood circulation. Improved blood circulation helps to flush out the inflammatory substances which irritate local nerves and cause pain. Improved blood circulation will also promote healing and loosen up tight muscle tissue. Apply heating pad for 10-20 min, take a hot shower or bath. After massaging and warming up the muscles, you can gently stretch them. Stretching is another essential aspect for recovery from and prevention of muscle injuries. Lastly, apply topical analgesics such as Bengay or Tiger balm.
Acupressure
Stretching Exercises
Optimizing Back Pain Recovery: Best Practices
Optimizing Back Pain Recovery : Best Practices
In this article we will look at the best practices for optimizing back pain recovery. Despite the fact that back pain can cause a significant amount of pain and discomfort, it usually recovers spontaneously on its own. The speed of recovery depends on many variables. There is no one single magic remedy to speed up the recovery process. However there are certain strategies that can be used for optimizing back pain recovery to help you recover faster. Understanding that you may not have control over certain aspects of your recovery process, will also allow you to create more realistic expectations and avoid undue frustrations.
Physical fitness and age Individuals who are more physically fit and do not have other major medical conditions, generally tend to recover much faster. The body can fully focus on the healing of the injury when there are no other chronic conditions that also require attention, energy, and resources.
The smaller the number of raging fires present at the time of injury, the faster and more efficient the recovery process can be. Since most chronic conditions tend to accumulate over the years, age becomes an important player in the recovery process.
For the most part, healing is much faster in younger and healthier individuals. That is not to say, however, that growing old is always plagued with long term recovery process. A healthy and active 60-year-old individual with back strain may recover much faster than a 30-year-old sedentary obese office worker.
Prior injuriesHistory of prior back pain or the presence of other chronic musculoskeletal injuries plays a significant role in the recovery process. Individuals who suffer from chronic pain which is not well controlled, have gone through a process of so-called sensitization.
In other words, their nervous system has become more sensitive to any pain stimulus. Any new injury will, therefore, cause a lot more intense pain and take much longer to subside, despite the fact that the area of injury may be already healed.
Importance of early mobilization
When significant acute injury develops, bed rest may be necessary. It should be, however, limited to no more than 24 - 48 hours. Numerous studies have demonstrated the detrimental effect of prolonged bed rest on the recovery process.
Motion is the lotion and muscles need to move to heal. While you should not push through the pain to further aggravate your condition, gentle exercises focused on a pain-free range of motion and stretching will allow the muscles to become less stiff and maintain their flexibility.
Muscles that are not used, start to deteriorate very rapidly. They lose flexibility, mass, strength and become stiff. Intense pain with even small movements may then result from any attempt to use the stiff muscle since it will be pulling on the injured area.
Movement also creates important muscle pump which helps to increase local blood circulation. Increased blood circulation helps to flush out the inflammatory chemicals present at the site of the injury. The accumulated inflammatory chemicals irritate the nerve endings at the site of the injured area.
These chemicals are the primary reason for sensation of pain. Increased blood circulation also helps to supply the injured area with nutrients, oxygen and white blood cells that help to heal the injured tissue. Getting an early referral to a physical therapist to start the rehabilitation from acute injury is important for fast recovery and preventing the development of chronic conditions.
Application of heat versus cold
Using cold compresses for the injured muscles may be soothing in the first 24 – 48 hrs. This should be, however, followed by the application of heat to promote local blood circulation and to relax the muscle spasm.
Moist heat is preferred over dry heat, and moist heating pads, hot showers or baths work great. Heating pads can be applied to the injured area several times a day, but no longer than 20 minutes at a time.
You should never sleep on the heating pad. Exposing the injured area to the heat longer than 20 minutes at the time leads to overheating. This will trigger a protective mechanism, which may cause changes in the local vasculature and eventually decrease blood circulation in the injured area.
If pain prevents you from getting good night restful sleep, talk to your provider about prescribing short course of pain medication that can decrease the intensity of pain at night, while at the same time help you get better sleep.
Taking a muscle relaxant 30 minutes to one hour before sleep is generally a good option. However, your medical provider will be able to make more specific recommendations based on your particular condition.
Sleep and DepressionGetting a sufficient amount of sleep is important for everybody, but it is critical when recovering from an acute injury. The body heals and tissue regenerates when we sleep.
Insufficient sleep promotes systemic inflammation within our body, which slows down the healing and contributes to more pain perception. A minimum of seven, but preferably eight hours of sleep is recommended for optimal functioning and recovery.
Additionally, an insufficient amount of sleep combined with new intense pain has a strong effect on mood and may lead to depression. Whether depression results from sleep deprivation and pain or the depression has been present prior to the injury, it’s presence further intensifies pain and interferes with sleep, thus creating downward spiral leading to worse outcomes.
Complementary medicine, pain medication, and acute painAn increasing number of patients do not wish to take any pain medication when they develop acute pain from fear of their side effects. There is an ongoing battle and numerous initiatives to fight the opioid crisis around the world.
Additionally, it is also true that every medication carries a risk of side effects. This, however, doesn’t mean that taking pain medication is bad and should be avoided by all means.
It is important to understand that there is a role for pain medication in particular when it comes to severe pain. Getting pain under control as soon as possible will prevent altering the way in which our brain deals with pain.
Any uncontrolled pain lasting longer than several days can sensitize the brain to pain and lower the pain threshold. This ultimately translates to experiencing painful sensation at much higher intensity with much lover stimulus. A simple gentle touch over the painful area could, therefore, lead to severe pain.
Complementary and alternative medicine modalities have been used successfully for the management of pain and injuries for hundreds of years. Many of them have been extensively studied and their effectiveness proven in rigorous trials.
Despite their popularity, however, their role is primarily in the management of chronic pain and injuries. This is largely because their main mechanism of action, by which they help to control pain and promote recovery, is through stimulating body own healing processes and pain control.
In other words, their primary role is to restore the body homeostasis. The subtle changes they produce over time are sufficient to create a noticeable difference when treating chronic pain or injuries.
It is, however, usually not enough to promote lasting pain relief in severe acute pain Click here to read more about the complementary medicine, pain medication and acute pain.
The role of NutritionThe importance of nutrition cannot be emphasized enough when it comes to recovery from an acute injury. Providing our body with a sufficient amount of lean protein which is important for building tissue, as well as getting enough vitamin C to promote formation of collagen, is the very minimum.
Minimizing the intake of vegetable oils by decreasing consumption of fried foods and pastries and replacing them with monounsaturated fats from olive oil, canola oil, and avocados helps to decrease inflammatory process in the body.
Eating a wild salmon or other fish high in omega 3 fatty acids at least 2-3 times a week, or taking 1000- 2000 mg of mercury-free omega 3 fatty acids daily in the form of a supplement, has been also shown to decrease systemic inflammation.
Having fresh vegetables at least two times a day and eating 2-3 pieces of seasonal fruits will add much-needed vitamins and phytochemicals to act as powerful antioxidants.
Topical analgesic creamsTopical analgesic creams, ointments, and plasters have been used in many traditions to treat injured muscles and bones for millenniums. They have been made from a variety of herbs and other natural substances.
Their use not only soothes the pain but also promotes healing. A number of topical analgesic creams have been developed by the pharmaceutical industry based on these old folk remedies.
Most of these products contain some combination of menthol, capsaicin and salicylic acid. While these products have been marketed primarily to help to soothe the pain and aches, they also promote local blood circulation by stimulating special receptors on the skin.
As mentioned throughout this article, increased blood circulation in the area of pain promotes healing. The use of these products should be therefore encouraged for any musculoskeletal injury where application of topical creams is not contraindicated.
Before rubbing any of these products to the skin, try to apply only a small amount to observe for any skin reaction. You should also never apply these creams right before or after hot shower to avoid intense burning sensation.
In summary
Recovering from an acute musculoskeletal injury is a complex process. There is no one single recipe since everybody has a unique combination of factors that may either promote or hinder the recovery process.
In this article, we have covered only few of the most important aspects that exert a major influence on the recovery process. Optimizing sleep, physical activity, nutrition, and appropriate use of heat/cold and topical creams, can have significant effect on the speed of your recovery.
To learn more about complementary therapies that can be used for recovery from acute back pain, visit National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
Back Strain: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment Strategies
Back Strain: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment Strategies
Back strain is probably the most common form of acute back pain. It affects the muscles and their tendons which attach them to various structures in the back. In general, muscle strain refers to a small tear in the muscle or its tendon. Most muscle strains tend to develop in the lower back area where the muscle changes into the tendon, but they can develop anywhere.
SymptomsA strain of the back muscles mostly causes localized pain in the area of the muscle/tendon injury accompanied by stiffness, limited range of motion and difficulties maintaining straight posture. Timing is very important when it comes to muscle strain.
Most muscle strains usually happen while lifting something very heavy or doing a sudden movement. Many individuals experiencing back pain due to muscle strain may feel a popping sensation at the moment of the injury which usually prompts them to seek medical attention.
They may have difficulties straightening their back up after the onset of the pain and usually maintain a semi bent position to avoid severe pain. That is not to say that muscle strain cannot come gradually. Even in this case, however, the individual can usually remember the moment when he felt sudden uncomfortable pain in the back which became progressively worse with activities.
Most individuals will also complain of muscle cramps in the area of their lower back. Additionally, coughing and sneezing usually brings on bouts of severe pain during acute back strain. The back muscles which tend to be the most affected by muscle strain are those right next to the spine.
Frequently, however, the pain can also be felt around the base of the spine and in the buttock area. Occasionally, pain may radiate into the buttocks. Under normal circumstances, pain due to back strain does not radiate down to the legs.
Pain radiating down to the legs is usually associated with nerve compression, but it is also frequently seen as a result of trigger points in the gluteal (buttock) muscles. Back strain is not a serious condition and most individuals with acute back strain recover spontaneously within 1 to 2 weeks.
CausesWhen muscle strain is caused by a sudden movement, it is generally a result of preexisting tightness in the back muscles which has developed over a period of time. Tight muscles are less flexible. Decreased flexibility results in limited ability to respond to sudden demands for muscle extension beyond the normal daily activity.
Therefore when the muscle is required to suddenly extend beyond its limits, such as when catching a falling object or catching ourselves from falling down, a strain can develop in the muscle or the tendon. To prevent further injury, the body triggers protective mechanism which manifests as muscle spasm.
The final outcome is stiffness and significantly limited range of motion with great amount of pain when trying to move in any direction.
Back strain can, however, develop also due to muscle overuse. In this case, the muscles and/or their tendons become strained due to repetitive movements in absence of sufficient time for recovery and repair.
Activities involving excessive forward bending of the spine constitute one of the most common misuses of the back leading to increased vulnerability to a variety of injuries. The forward bend position stretches the muscles and tendons of the back to a point where very little control can be exercised over the spine’s position.
Therefore lifting objects in forward bend positions can easily strain these muscles and their tendons. Additionally, forward bend position creates an uneven pressure on the spinal discs making them significantly more prone to injury.
Poor posture
Poor posture is one of the main underlying causes for the development of back strain. It generally refers to either too large or too small curvature in the area of the lower back. Over a period of time, poor posture leads to muscle imbalance and strain of the muscles/tendons in the back.
Spending extensive period of time in uneven position such as being twisted sideways or bent forward, also puts great stress on the spinal discs predisposing them to injury.
Poor physical fitness
poor physical fitness, excessive weight, sedentary lifestyle and lack of flexibility are also among the leading factors predisposing individuals to back strain. The result is poorly conditioned back muscles that lack sufficient strength and endurance to respond to increased physical demand when called upon.
This is why sudden unexpected movement, or performance of new repetitive task requiring the use of back muscles, easily result in back strain.
More information is available on this page.
Summary
Main SymptomsSudden onset
Localized pain & stiffness
Limited range of motion
Difficulties maintaining straight posture
Muscle cramp in the area of the lower back
CausesSudden movement
Tight muscles and lack of flexibility
Muscle overuse
Activities involving excessive forward bending of the spine
Lifting objects in forward bend position
Poor posture
Working in uneven position - twisted sideways or bent forward
Poor physical fitness,
Excessive weight
Sedentary lifestyle
Back Strain: Accelerate Your Recovery with These Tips
Back Strain: Treatment Guidelines for Back Strain
Most back strains do not require specific treatment, because they usually recover spontaneously in relatively short period of time. There are, however, certain strategies that may help you recover faster and make the process less painful. For full list of detailed recommendations on optimizing your recovery process please follow this link.
Mobility: swimming and walkingOne of the most important things to keep in mind, is that during the acute phase, it is of outmost importance to stay mobile. While short term bed rest may help to relieve some of the pain initially, staying in the bed more than 24-48 hrs leads to worse outcomes and prolongs the recovery time.
While becoming more mobile is important, you will need to initially modify your daily routine to avoid high impact activities, lifting heavy objects and twisting movements. The best way start increasing physical activity is walking for few minutes several times a day and eventually transitioning to recreational swimming in a slow pace. Swimming is excellent exercise for recovery from back injuries. It’s weightless nature eliminates gravity and pressure on the spine and takes the muscles and joints through full range of motion. Both activities will keep the muscles engaged without additional strain, and get them slowly ready for more physically demanding exercises.
HeatHeat plays important role in the treatment of back pain. It improves local blood circulation which enables the injured tissue to heal faster while decreasing muscle stiffness and pain. Applying heat to the painful area after the initial 48 hrs from the onset of the injury also helps with stretching. Additionally, heat reduces pain and makes movement easier when getting out of the bed in the morning. Heating pad should not be applied directly on the skin. While it can be used several times a day, it should never be applied for longer than 20 minutes at a time. Never sleep on your heating pad!!
Stretching, Massage and AcupunctureGentle stretching of the back muscles after using heating pad is important to slowly start elongating the tight muscles. Never push beyond the level of gentle stretch. If stretching is painful, you need to pull back. Gentle massage around the painful area can be very relaxing and soothing. You do not need to spend money on massage therapist, but if you can afford it, this might be a good time to splurge on couple sessions. Getting a simple massage from your partner at least once a day for the first few days can be equally if not more effective. Alternately, you can try self-acupressure using a tennis ball while leaning against the wall and finding the tender spots in your back. Both massage and acupressure help to promote local blood circulation and loosen up the tight muscles which results in increased mobility and less pain. If acupuncture is available to you, getting few treatment sessions can be very helpful to promote relaxation of the tight muscles, increase local blood circulation and decrease pain. For more information about acupuncture please follow this link.
The role of pain medicationWhile pain medication will not help you to recover faster, they can help to make the process more bearable. Motrin, naproxen or Alleve can be used in mild to moderate pain, to take the edge off the pain. Stronger pain medication, prescribed by your provider, may be necessary when pain is more severe.
Goals for pain management
It is very important to understand, that complete pain relief is neither realistic, nor the goal of pain medication or any treatment modality discussed in this article. Pain is a protective mechanism. It makes us start paying attention to our body and prevents us from causing further damage. Additionally, there is no single best remedy. Patience in combination with several treatment strategies placed in the context of a comprehensive treatment protocol, has been shown to lead to the best and fastest recovery.
To learn more about complementary therapies, visit National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
Sciatica, Symptoms, Causes and Treatment strategies
Sciatica
Sciatica is a type of back pain that affects the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is a large nerve that exits from the spine in the area of the low back, travels down to the buttock and continues down along the back of the thighs into the feet. It is an important nerve that branches in several places in the legs and provides nerve innervation to the legs and feet. A disc in the spine can herniate and compress the sciatic nerve causing symptoms of sciatica.
SymptomsPatients with sciatica usually experience the familiar electric jolt like sensation propagating along the back of the thighs sometimes all the way to the feet. The sensation of pins and needles or ants crawling under the skin of the legs is also frequently described by patients experiencing sciatica. The intensity of the pain varies among the patients. Some individuals experience excruciating debilitating pain that causes them to become bedridden for a couple of days, while others have only mild pain in their back and legs. While the sciatic pain usually starts in the low back and continues down the leg along the path of the sciatic nerve, the pain is usually more intense in the legs than in the back. Sciatica generally affects only one leg at a time. It is rare to see the involvement of both legs at the same time. If this is the case, it is important to seek medical evaluation to rule out other causes for these symptoms.
Most patients complain of more significant pain when they sit down. Standing for extended periods of time is also very painful and most people prefer to lay down or slowly walk around to ease their pain. Numbness and weakness in the leg are also frequently associated with sciatica. If the sciatic nerve becomes compressed in the buttock by a muscle called piriformis, it is called piriformis syndrome. The main differentiating symptoms between sciatica and the piriformis syndrome is that painful sensation caused by piriformis syndrome propagates down the leg along the back of the thighs and only up to the knees and not past the knees. The quality of the pain is also different. Pain radiating down the legs due to the Piriformis Syndrome generally feels like a dull, achy sensation unlike the electric-like, burning sensation caused by a pinched nerve in the spine causing sciatica.
CausesThere are many reasons why someone may develop sciatica. The risk factors are similar to developing any back pain. The excessive weight which creates too much pressure on the spine, sedentary occupation with lack of movement or carrying heavy objects are some of the most important causes. Aging is an independent factor that compounds any of the above risk factors because most people become more sedentary as they get older, gain weight and become less flexible. Sciatica is however not exclusive of young healthy individuals. Many individuals in the 30s present to their health care provider’s office with symptoms of sciatica after sustaining injury from doing exercises at the gym. This is usually related to lifting heavy weights, not stretching before and after exercising, as well as not getting enough rest to allow body fully recover and regenerate. To prevent flare-ups of sciatica it is, therefore, crucial to maintaining healthy weight and stay mobile.
Treatment GuidelinesWhile sciatica can be rarely caused by a bone spur or a tumor, in most cases of sudden onset of sciatica, it is related to a disc herniation. The treatment for sciatica is therefore essentially the same as for disc herniation since both share the same underlying cause. Treatment guidelines for disc herniation can be found here.
Summary
SymptomsElectric jolt like sensation in the back & back of the leg
“Pins and needles” sensation
Numbness and weakness in the leg
Burning sensation
Affects usually only one leg
More pain with sitting or standing
Pain is better when laying down or walking slowly
CausesExcessive weight
Sedentary occupation & lack of movement
Carrying heavy objects
Advanced age
Lifting heavy weights
Spinal Stenosis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Spinal Stenosis
Chronic back pain can be a result of spinal stenosis. Spinal stenosis is usually seen in individuals over the age of 50 who developed significant degenerative changes in their spine from wear and tear. The medical word for these degenerative changes is osteoarthritis. Spinal stenosis is a result of the narrowing of the spaces within the spine where the spinal nerve roots are located. When the spaces get too narrow, excessive pressure on the nerves in the area develops.
SymptomsPeople affected by spinal stenosis may experience a variety of symptoms. Some individuals may have no symptoms at all, especially in the initial stages, while others may experience significant amount of pain. It is not known why some people experience more or less pain. Spinal stenosis is a degenerative disease and therefore develops slowly over period of time with gradually worsening symptoms. Most individuals experience tingling and numbness in their buttocks, legs, and calves, especially after prolonged walking. Walking up the hill or up the stairs is particularly painful, but even walking down the stairs can lead to significant amount of pain. In more advanced cases, weakness of the legs, pain, and cramping in one or both legs and feet can present with prolonged standing or walking. In severe cases, an individual may not be able to walk more than few blocks before severe pain develops.
Urination and bowel movement can also be occasionally affected as a result of the pressure on the spinal nerves that control these two essential physiologic functions, and the individual may develop urinary urgency and incontinence. In general, the back pain from spinal stenosis gets better with sitting down for a few minutes. Sitting flexes the spine and this relieves some of the pressure on the nerves. Many individuals with severe spinal stenosis, therefore, walk stoop forward and keeping their torso slightly flexed to lessen the pain while walking.
CausesThere are several reasons why spinal stenosis may develop. The most common causes include osteoarthritis and bone spurs. Osteoarthritis is one of the forms of arthritis. It is a result of wear and tear that affect the protective cartilage on the ends of the bones. When osteoarthritis is present in the spine, it can cause over time narrowing of the spinal canal, which eventually results in spinal stenosis. When bone spurs develop as a result of long term wear and tear, the spurs may grow inside of the spinal canal and cause pressure on the spinal nerves. Less frequent causes of spinal stenosis include a spinal tumor and a car accident. In both of these cases, there are usually several other prominent symptoms that point out to that diagnosis.
Treatment guidelinesIn mild cases of spinal stenosis, a conservative treatment approach is recommended. This may consist of physical therapy and strength training, stretching, short term course of acupuncture, daily stretching, swimming, Tai Chi or Yoga exercises. The goal is to keep the back muscle flexible and relaxed as much as possible. Building core strength is also important to properly distribute the weight and decrease the load on the spine. Losing excessive weight is crucial for the successful management of back pain. Carrying less weight translates to less pressure on the lumbar area of the spine from the excessive forward pull of the abdomen.
In more severe cases when the benefits of conservative treatment have been maximized, but pain continues to significantly affect the quality of life, surgery may be necessary. This should be however the last resort since there are inherent risks to any surgical procedure. It has been recommended, that only when all other treatment options have been exhausted, and the individual’s quality of life as it is now is poor, surgery should be considered as a possibility to improve current quality of life.
For more information about spinal stenosis you can visit the Mayo Clinic Spinal Stenosis page
Disc Herniation: Understanding Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments
Disc Herniation
Disc herniation is a result of a disc protruding out of the spine. The disks in the spine are important structures for providing space and cushioning between the individual bones (vertebras) in the spine. The disk is a round soft cushion which has a soft jelly-like consistency in the center and tougher outer part providing for the structural integrity. When too much pressure is generated on the disc, the tough outer part can break and small tear develops. The inner soft part can protrude outside of the disc and irritate or push against the nearby nerves causing pain and other symptoms. Herniated disc doesn’t always cause pain, and there are some individuals who only find out about disc herniation accidentally when imaging of their torso is done for other purposes. Studies indicate that 41% of disk protrusions and up 71% of more severe disk extrusions eventually resolve spontaneously.
SymptomsThe symptoms related to disc herniation can vary not only in intensity but also in presentation. The major differentiating factor is whether the herniated disc touches the spinal nerve or not. If the disc is not touching the nearby spinal nerve, the affected individual may only experience low-grade back pain which is worse with certain movements. If, however, the disc is touching a spinal nerve and causing impingement of the nerve, the pain is typically more intense. There will be also other associated symptoms based on the level of the spine where the herniation occurred. In most cases of disc herniation in the lower back, when the herniated disc is impinging on the spinal nerve, the pain will be mostly felt in the buttock and in the legs rather than in the low back. Radiating pain may, in some cases, reach all the way down into the foot. This is usually described as sciatic pain.
The symptoms of electric shooting pain radiating down the leg usually resolve fairly soon with or without any treatment, however, the numbness may be present for several months. In severe cases of herniation, the numbness can become permanent, and it may never completely resolve. Many individuals also develop weakness in the leg supplied by the affected nerve and may have difficulties maintaining a steady gate. It is important for the individual developing this type of back pain, to contact their provider immediately if they notice new changes in their bowel movement or urination. A condition called Cauda Equina can result from impingement of the nerves controlling bowel movement and emptying the urinary bladder. The affected individual may develop difficulty emptying their bladder and present with loss of sensation in the area of the buttock that would be in contact with a horse saddle- hence called saddle anesthesia. This is a serious complication of disc herniation that requires a surgical intervention to prevent permanent nerve damage.
CausesWhile the exact cause of disc herniation is usually hard to elicit, it is generally associated with more advanced age and activities involving heavy lifting and or twisting movements. As we age, the tough outer layer of the disc becomes more fragile as it undergoes degeneration. The disc also loses some of the inner soft cushioning jelly-like substance. This makes the disc more fragile and prone to rupture when it is exposed to sudden twisting movement or excessive load. Young individuals engaged in strenuous jobs or sports activities that require heavy lifting, especially when combined with twisting movements, are at great risk for disk herniation due to the instability that this combination of pressure and twisting movement creates in the spine. Additionally, having tight muscles that attach to the individual vertebras above and below the disc, can also predispose the individual to disc herniation by keeping the disc under constant pressure. In such cases, a small innocent movement such as picking up a pen from the floor can be the final hit for rupturing the disc and causing herniation.
Treatment guidelinesPain due to acute disc herniation can be very debilitating. Unless there are, however, any so-called red flags, which your provider will rule out during his physical exam, there is no need for any invasive procedures to treat acute disc herniation. Most patients will feel significantly better in 4-6 weeks, and they will fully recover in 3-4 months. Conservative treatment is therefore recommended as first-line therapy. There are a number of treatment options and all of them help to some extent in the recovery process. Their selection depends on availability and personal preference. Making certain changes to your daily routine can also speed up the recovery process. You can read more about optimizing your recovery process here. During the acute onset of symptoms, bed rest can be helpful for one to two days. Being inactive and staying in bed longer than two days has been associated with worse outcomes. Motion is the lotion, therefore early referral to physical therapy to learn appropriate mobilization and stretching exercises is very important for successful rehabilitation. Pain medication such as Motrin or Naproxen can help ease some of the pain, but if this is not sufficient, talk to your provider about using additional pain medication for short period of time. After initial 24-48 hrs from the onset, hot baths or heating pads applied for no more than 20 minutes can also help loosen up the muscle spasm and relieve some pain. This should be followed by gentle stretching. Avoid sitting for extended periods of time and walk slowly avoiding any sudden movements. If heated pool or larger Jacuzzi tub is available, stretching for 15- 20 minutes in the warm water and doing gentle ranges of motion can also be very helpful.
Facet Joint Syndrome: A Silent Cause of Chronic Pain
Facet Joint Syndrome
Back pain can be caused by degenerative changes and inflammation in the facet joints which is commonly referred to as a Facet Joint Syndrome. The spine is made up of individual vertebral bodies which are stacked one on top of another. On each side of the vertebral bodies are tiny joints called facet joints. Their primary role is to allow the spine to move and make twisting and bending movements. They also keep the individual vertebras from moving too far forward or twisting without limits. Most facet joint-related pain is seen among individuals over the age of 60 secondary to osteoarthritis. It is, however, not uncommon for younger very active individuals to experience the same pain after engaging for several years in exercises that put lots of stress on the facet joints.
SymptomsWhen the facet joints become inflamed because of injury or arthritis, they will generate pain. Acute presentation of facet joint pain may resemble those caused by a herniated disc and at this stage it may be difficult to differentiate between these two. In most case the individual can pinpoint the area of pain indicating involved facet joint. At time, however, the person may experience diffused poorly localized pain in the lower back, hips, and buttocks on both sides. Most patients presenting with pain due to facet joint inflammation have difficulty bending backward which may help to establish the diagnosis. In some cases, the facet joint pain may project pain down to the legs and mimic the sciatic pain. Unlike sciatica, where the pain may project all the way down to the feet, facet joint pain usually terminates at the level of the knees. Only in rare cases the pain may project all the way down to the feet. This is usually seen when osteophyte is causing pressure on the nerve root.
CausesThe major cause for the development of facet joint syndrome appears to be osteoarthritis of the facet joints. Osteoarthritis is generally a consequence of wear and tear. It is characterized by narrowing of joint spaces, loss of joint cartilage and local joint inflammation. This process is similar to the more familiar knee osteoarthritis which is a well-known cause of knee pain among the elderly population. It has been shown that younger individuals suffering from facet joint syndrome tend to have history of strenuous jobs prior to the age of 20 which puts them at high risk for early osteoarthritis of the facet joints.
Diagnosis & Treatment guidelinesInflammation of the facet joints is generally not well diagnosed by MRI or X-Rays. There is also a poor correlation between the findings on the images, physical exam by the provider and the symptoms that the patient experiences. In most cases injection of an anesthetic medication into the vicinity of the painful facet joint can help to make the diagnosis. If the patient experiences immediate pain relief after the injection, the condition can be diagnosed as facet joint syndrome and steroid injections can then be administered to decrease the local inflammation. The steroid injections are usually administered by pain specialists under fluoroscopy which helps to guide the needle placement. The patient may receive these injections every 3-6 months based on the duration of symptoms relief.
Acupuncture treatment can also be beneficial since needling the musculature in the affected area can improve local blood circulation and decrease the inflammation and muscle tension. Referral to physical therapy to learn appropriate core strengthening and stretching exercise is important in long term management and prevention of further exacerbation.
Avoiding activities that put undue stress on the spine is as important, if not the most important aspect of any long term management of facet joint syndrome. No treatment will be effective if these perpetuating factors are not effectively addressed and appropriate modifications incorporated into daily lifestyle.
Chronic Back Pain: Treatment Options for Chronic Back Pain
Chronic back pain continues to be one of the most common musculoskeletal complains seen in primary care. It is estimated that the incidents of chronic back pain will continue to rise given our increasingly more sedentary lifestyle. While research in the areas of pain management and safer surgical procedures continues, both should be viewed as the last resort.
Self-AcupressureSelf-acupressure can be applied to the specific trigger points in the affected musculature by the patient at home on daily bases. It can be used as a sole treatment for the management of mild to moderate back pain. Self-acupressure can be also used along with any other modality to reinforce the treatment effect and promote faster recovery. More information about acupressure can be found by clicking on the tab on the left-hand side of this page.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is frequently used as a part of an overall treatment protocol to treat acute or chronic back pain. The goal of physical therapy is to relieve pain, help the body in the healing process, and restore normal functional pain-free movement. A physical therapist can prescribe specific rehabilitation exercises alone or in combination with dry needling, TENS, heat application, soft tissue release or gentle manipulations. Physical therapy is generally initiated if the injury is not spontaneously recovering with conservative treatments within 2-6 weeks. In case of severe acute back pain, however, a referral to physical therapy can be initiated right away. For more information click on the tab on the left-hand side.
Acupuncture and Dry NeedlingAcupuncture and dry needling are both very safe therapeutic modalities. Dry needling is mostly available to the patients through the department of physical therapy. The carefully selected patients which may benefit from dry needling usually receive a series of dry needling sessions as part of their physical therapy treatment plan. There are some primary care providers who have been trained in dry needling. They may offer this treatment modality to their patients on limited bases given their busy schedule. Acupuncture is available to patients only from licensed acupuncturists or physicians with training in medical acupuncture. For more information about Acupuncture and Dry Needling please click on the tabs on the left-hand side of this page.
Pharmacologic management
Pain medications play an important role in the management of chronic back pain for many patients. Some patients rely on a daily dose of pain medication to control their pain and there is a definite role for pain medication in the management of chronic pain. It is important to point out, however, that the medication should not be relied on as the sole long term strategy to keep chronic pain under control. This passive approach generally leads to further deconditioning, the need for increasing the dosages of medication and inherently to more side effects associated with their daily use. Appropriate use of pain medication can be, however, an integral part of a comprehensive treatment plan when used under the guidance of a qualified health care provider. In general, the pain medication should be used at the minimal effective dose and for the shortest amount of time, unless directed otherwise by the health care provider.
Surgical procedureNo surgical procedure is risks free. Formation of scar tissue and the need for subsequent surgery are known complications. Surgery should be therefore reserved only for rare cases. These generally include instances where all other treatment options have been exhausted. In these cases either the pain cannot be successfully controlled by any other intervention or there is a significant functional deficit that can be improved by the surgical procedure.
The information provided on these pages is not intended to treat or diagnose any condition and should be viewed solely for the purpose of education. By no means is this information replacing evaluation by a qualified health care provider. For detailed Terms and Conditions, as well the use of cookies by this website, please see the sections “Terms and Conditions” and “Privacy.”
For more information on Acupuncture and other complementary therapies visit Alternative, Complementary & Integrative Therapies: Acupuncture/Acupressure
Back Pain and Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is frequently used as a part of an overall treatment protocol to treat acute or chronic back pain. The goal of physical therapy is to relieve pain, help the body in the healing process, and restore normal functional pain-free movement. A physical therapist can prescribe specific rehabilitation exercises alone or in combination with dry needling, TENS, heat application, soft tissue release or gentle manipulations. Physical therapy is generally initiated if an injury is not spontaneously recovering with conservative treatments within 2-6 weeks. In case of severe acute back pain, however, a referral to physical therapy can be initiated right away.
Individualized treatment and workout plansPhysical therapists can review with patients their daily routine and help them identify the major aggravating factors that continue to flare up their back pain or prevent the maximal recovery. They will thoroughly asses the patient’s condition and create an individual exercise treatment plan. Physical therapists can help the patient tailor a specific work out routine that will help them achieve their personal fitness goals without aggravating their back pain. Additionally, physical therapists are the top authority to teach patients the correct execution of individual exercises to prevent future injuries. Incorrectly performed exercises continue to be the leading cause of many exercise-related injuries. Incorrectly performed exercises can lead to permanent joint or back injury.
Summary
Physical therapy is an integral part of any comprehensive treatment approach to chronic back pain. In some cases, physical therapy can be, however, beneficial also in acute cases of back pain. Physical therapists often incorporate variety of techniques and tools when designing their individual treatment plan. Imaging is usually not needed in most cases of uncomplicated chronic and acute back pain but imaging studies can be ordered by the physical therapist if it is indicated. Physical therapists are top experts in designing individual workout routines that will help patients achieve their fitness goals without risking further injuries. Lastly, physical therapy only works if patients become active participants.
